Proper nursing
assessment and appropriate interventions are essential for the health and well
being of individuals with Parkinson’s disease. Because there are commonalities
amongst all people with Parkinson’s disease, we can make nursing diagnoses that
address these common issues and help to focus our care.
Here are five
common nursing diagnoses that apply to most people with PD.
1. Impaired physical mobility related to
stiffness and muscle weakness
2. Imbalanced nutrition: less than body
requirements related to PD, as evidenced by weight loss.
3. Impaired bowel elimination as evidenced by
constipation related to slowed movement/peristalsis
4. Impaired verbal communication related to
facial muscle stiffness
5. Self care
deficit related to neuromuscular weakness, decline in strength, loss of muscle
control/coordination
So what do we do
now that we have a diagnosis? Here is an example of how a nurse would process a
diagnosis, what he/she would designate as a plan or expected outcome and how to
intervene to achieve the expected outcome.
Actual/Potential Diagnosis
|
Related to…
|
Plan/Outcome
|
Nursing Intervention
|
Impaired physical mobility
|
Stiffness and muscle weakness secondary to
PD
|
Plan: Client will engage in neuromotor
exercise for 20-30 minutes per day (balance, coordination, gait)
Outcome: improve and maintain
physical function and reduce falls
|
- Observe and assess current mobility
-Assist with range of motion exercises
-Encourage mobilization, support with
walk-assist devices if needed
- practice strength and balance exercise
|
Nursing care of
individuals with Parkinson’s Disease can be very systematic and organized if
one follows a care plan tailored to each individual patient. It is important to
prioritize safety (risk of falls, impaired swallowing) and the goals of the
patient. The job of the nurse is to maintain safety and improve the quality of
life of the patient living with PD. Because there is no cure, symptom
management is key and nursing can play a big role by working with the family to
cultivate a plan that can be successful.
In case you're a visual learner, here is a cute little video that quickly summarizes some key nursing interventions for people with PD.
Links for more
information on nursing diagnoses (specific to Parkinson’s Disease):
References:
Ackley, B.J.,
Ladwig, G.B. (2014). Nursing Diagnosis Handbook. Mosby/Elsevier
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